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By Christa Jarvis


Therapeutic measures include professional rescue and storage of emergency patients. For the rescue of persons from vehicles or other similar situations, special aids such as scoop stretcher or Kendrick Extrication Device available (gastric sleeve surgery in Mexico). In exceptional cases this can be a necessary. For gentle and suitable for transporting storage of casualties is usually the vacuum mattress application. In domestic sector, the need for storage at cardiovascular arrest is worth mentioning on a medium suitable for cardiac compressions hard surface.

Paying special attention to pain and pain-related reactions (eg guarding of abdomen), abnormal joint or bone position or motility or other abnormal findings is placed. In pre-hospital emergency medicine is the rather short study on the four most threatening B, chest - abdomen - pelvis - legs (thighs) fail, however, be more detailed in emergency room at the hospital.

The physician-based rescue system has a special position in a global comparison. In many other countries (for example, in Anglo-American) preclinical care of emergency patients is purely by specially trained non-medical personnel - called paramedics - performed. These undergone extensive training, which is in contrast to training of paramedics or emergency paramedics and EMTs designed to perform all patient care alone and without medical help. They rely, in contrast, called on Standing Orders, that conduct will, by which they may differ in any way and must sometimes make a telephonic consultation with a physician for certain measures.

Using ECG monitoring, the continuous representation of cardiac actions on a screen, a further differentiation, for example, chest pain in acute situation, the continuous monitoring of a patient including diagnosis emergency medical significant cardiac arrhythmias and by 12-lead ECG recording is possible. Pulse oximeter to measure the arterial blood oxygen saturation. Measuring the oxygen content in blood, the pulse oximetry is widely used as a further parameter for patient monitoring during transport or artificial respiration, wherein cardiopulmonary resuscitation for verification of sufficiency of measures and after administration of drug for detecting hypoxic conditions.

Depending on the size and scope of retracted from the ambulance service medical facilities is there an emergency room as an interface (timely existing suitable space, suitable personnel, appropriate equipment) available to as quickly as possible to supply the with the measures of pre-hospital emergency medicine patients receiving initial treatment of secondary medical care.

The goal of emergency medical therapy are the permanent restore vital body functions and minimizing permanent impairment of emergency patients. The first step in treatment is, therefore, the introduction of life-saving emergency measures. When cardiac arrest occurs immediately the cardio-pulmonary resuscitation, if necessary (for ventricular fibrillation, flutter or pulseless ventricular tachycardia) including defibrillation.

Typically manifest or impending shock states of different causes by suitable combinations of measures (puncture and catheterization techniques including conditioning central venous access) and drugs are treated (shock therapy). To ensure breathing are freeing the airway (foreign body removal - manually or by suction), the (endotracheal or supraglottic) intubation, cricothyroidotomy or tracheotomy as well as the manual and mechanical ventilation and possibly the chest tube necessary.

By emergency service, although the first medical care is guaranteed, but will be in disaster or major incidents also help local doctors, regardless of their field of study, used for assistance. In general, but the doctor can not refuse the treatment, provided he is competent. Are not enough doctors available, first aid and treatment of minor injury patterns are transferred to members emergency services and aid organizations, but also on health care professionals and volunteers.




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